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Alberta
Nearly equal
in size to the state of Texas, the province covers an area of some
661 190 km2. Roughly half of the southwestern section of the
province is dominated by mountains and foothills - striking
reminders of the glaciers that, over millions of years, formed,
moved and receded in the area.
Alberta has what is known
as a continental climate. It is characterized by vivid seasonal
contrasts in which long, cold winters are balanced by mild to hot
summers and an unusually high number of sunny days, no matter what
the season. Although cold air covers the whole province in winter,
it is frequently replaced in the southwest by a mild wind, called
the "Chinook," which funnels through the mountains from the Pacific
Ocean.
The People
Aboriginal people
formed the bulk of the area's population until the 1880s, when they
were outnumbered by the influx of Europeans. Immigrants from many
countries came in response to the Canadian government's aggressive
efforts.
English is the
language of the vast majority of Albertans, and most religious
faiths are represented. Approximately 80 percent of Albertans live
in urban areas, and more than half live in the two main cities of
Edmonton, the province's capital, and Calgary.
The Economy
Alberta has one of the world's most
productive agricultural economies, producing about 25 percent of the
value of Canada's annual output. The province also maintains the
largest livestock population in Canada. Long known as Canada's
"energy province," Alberta has more than 65 percent of the country's
reserves of conventional crude oil, & over 80 percent of its natural
gas.
Food and beverage
processing remains the largest manufacturing industry in Alberta in
terms of both sales and employment. Petrochemicals and plastics,
forest products, metals and machinery and refineries have become
major success stories in contributing to Alberta's diversification
efforts over the last several years.
The service sector accounts for more than 60 percent of Alberta's
gross domestic product. More than two- thirds of Alberta's
employment is found in such industries as business and financial
services, transportation, retail trade, health and education
services and tourism. The province offers a multitude of attractions
to visitors, and particularly prides itself on the magnificent Rocky
Mountains.
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