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British Columbia
British Columbia is Canada's westernmost
province and one of North America's most mountainous regions. BC is
bordered by the province of Alberta, the Yukon Territory and several
U.S. states, including Alaska. Given its location, British Columbia
is a gateway to the Pacific and Asia.
The
variety of its landscape is the main reason for British Columbia's
distinctiveness: its 947 800 km2 offer remarkable topographical
contrasts. Where the Pacific Ocean reaches the continent, it meets a
chain of islands, large and small, running from north to south.
The
province's climate equals its topography for variety. For example,
the mild coastal region receives abundant precipitation - from 130
to 380 centimetres of rain per year - while the interior has a
continental climate.
The People
The
majority of British Columbia's inhabitants are of British origin,
but the population is enriched by immigrants and descendants of
immigrants of all nationalities. More than 100 000 British
Columbians are descendants of the thousands of Chinese people who
took part in the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway in the
late 19th century. Today, Vancouver has North America's
second-largest Chinese community. In addition, British Columbians
who trace their origins to India and Japan contribute tremendously
to the province's economic and cultural vitality.
British Columbia continues to attract Canadians and foreigners
alike. Vancouver, the largest dry cargo port on the Pacific coast of
North America, is home to more than two million people, which makes
it the third largest city in Canada.
The Economy
The
economy is based on the province's great natural resources,
primarily its vast forests, which cover 56 percent of its total
area. Conifers from these forests are converted into lumber,
newsprint, pulp and paper products, shingles and shakes - about half
the total softwood inventory of Canada.
Tourism is the next most important economic sector. Each year, about
22 million people visit British Columbia. Coastal British Columbia,
with its beaches, hiking trails, artists' colonies, wildlife
reserves, whale-sighting locales and other attractions, is a very
popular attraction. A village of Ninstints is of such historical and
cultural importance that it has been designated a world heritage
site by UNESCO (the United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization).
Mining
is the province's third most important economic sector. Copper, gold
and zinc are the leading metals extracted from British Columbia;
sulphur and asbestos are the leading industrial minerals. The most
valuable resources, however, are coal, petroleum and natural gas.
Manufacturing in British Columbia is still largely resource-based,
but is being gradually diversified by high-technology and
computer-based industries related to telecommunications and the
aerospace and sub-sea industries. British Columbia has the most
balanced export market of all of Canada's provinces, with the United
States, Japan, the European Union and the Pacific Rim countries as
its clientele.
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